Felling
Introduction
Under the Forestry Act 1967, it is illegal to fell trees in Great Britain without prior approval, although there are a few exceptions (for trees below a specified size, dangerous trees, and very small scale felling operations). There is a presumption against removal of woodland and loss of forest cover in the UK, so felling licences issued under the Forestry Act will normally be conditional (where felling approval is granted subject to restocking). However, the permanent removal of trees may be granted (through an unconditional felling licence) for thinning woodland (a standard woodland management practice) or if there are overriding environmental considerations, for example to enable the restoration of important habitats (and consent may be required under the relevant Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations).
The removal of trees may also be authorised under planning regulations, to enable development (including for windfarms). In this case, a felling licence is not required.
The Forestry Commission, Natural Resources Wales and the Forest Service may also require trees to be felled to prevent the spread of pests and diseases, by serving a Statutory Plant Health Notice (SPHN) on the affected site.
Data sources and methodology
Information about felling licences and Statutory Plant Health Notices comes from Forestry Commission, Natural Resources Wales and Forest Service administrative systems.
Data on felling licences relates to felling licences that have been issued. It does not indicate whether the felling has taken place (and if so, when).
Further information on administrative sources can be found at: www.forestry.gov.uk/forestry/infd-832ey5.
Quality
All of the statistics on felling in this chapter are outside the scope of National Statistics.
Revisions
Figures on felling licences and Statutory Plant Health Notices for 2015-16 are released for this first time in this publication.
Figures on Statutory Plant Health Notices in 2010-11 to 2014-15 have been revised from those released in Forestry Statistics 2015.
In Table 1.16a, the number of sites where a Statutory Plant Health Notice has been served has been revised:
- In 2010-11: from 24 to 46 in Wales;
- In 2011-12: from 129 to 90 in Wales;
- In 2012-13: from 169 to 168 in England; from 90 to 89 in Wales;
- In 2013-14: from 244 to 225 in England, from 253 to 272 in Wales;
- In 2014-15: from 147 to 142 in England, from 14 to 71 in Wales.
In Table 1.16b, the felling areas under Statutory Plant Health Notices have been revised:
- In 2010-11: from 0.9 to 0.8 thousand hectares in Wales;
- In 2012-13: from 1.3 to 1.5 thousand hectares in Wales;
- In 2013-14: from 3.7 to 4.6 thousand hectares in Wales;
- In 2014-15: from 0.1 to 0.4 thousand hectares in Wales.
The Forestry Commission’s revisions policy sets out how revisions and errors are dealt with and can be found at FCrevisions.pdf.
Further information
Some related figures for England on felling licences have been released. Data on the total area covered by felling licences (conditional and unconditional) were released on 3 June 2016 in “Forestry Commission England Corporate Plan Performance Indicators 2016”.
Further information on felling licences (including details of exemptions) is available at:
A new Case Management System was introduced in Scotland in January 2012. This centralises the data collected on felling licences and provides more information about restocking proposals (including cases where the applicant has agreed to plant an alternative area, does not intend to restock or where open ground is being created) than has previously been gathered.
Further information on tree pests and diseases is available here.
Release schedule
Figures on felling licences and Statutory Plant Health Notices in 2016-17 will be published on 28 September 2017 in “Forestry Statistics 2017”.
