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  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Choice of Douglas fir seed sources for use in British forests
    Lead Author: A.M. Fletcher
    Douglas fir plays a particular role in the production of quality timber and is also important for other multipurpose forestry uses. Due to the extent of its natural range in Pacific north-west America, a range of material from natural populations and tree improvement programmes has been evaluated in field trials to identify the most well-adapted […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Estimating deer abundance in woodlands: the combination plot technique
    Lead Author: Graeme Swanson
    This Bulletin describes a technique for measuring deer abundance in woodlands. The technique is a variation of the faecal accumulation rate method and was developed and refined using data from more than ten years of monitoring and research by Strath Caulaidh Ltd. In justifying their choice of each element of the technique, the authors also […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Choice of sitka spruce seed origins for use in British forests
    Lead Author: C.J.A. Samuel
    The Bulletin summarises seed origin research in Sitka spruce over a period of 70 years. It provides a background to the ecology of the species, its introduction to Britain and the development and refinement of seed origin evaluation techniques. Phenological variation, particularly in relation to the potential for frost damage is described, height growth and […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Phytophthora disease of alder in Europe
    Lead Author: John Gibbs (Ed.)
    Alders play a vitally important role in Europe. Their diversity of characters not only enables them to establish as pioneers but in many cases also allows them to play a significant part in climax forests and make a major contribution to the ecology and stability of river banks. All four European alder species are important […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Climate change: impacts on UK forests
    Lead Author: Mark Broadmeadow (Ed.)
    It is now widely accepted that mankind’s activities are having a discernible effect on the global climate, and these changes will impact upon the functioning of many of the planet’s natural systems. Climate change will have a variety of direct and indirect effects on forests and, thus, will have implications for forest management. This Bulletin […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] An ecological site classification for forestry in Great Britain
    Lead Author: Graham Pyatt
    Ecological Site Classification (ESC) will help forest managers to select tree species, and to make related decisions based on an appreciation of the ecological potential of sites. The classification focuses on the key factors of site that influence tree growth, and that are important to the rest of the ecosystem. This site-orientated approach to tree […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Managing rides, roadsides and edge habitats in lowland forests
    Lead Author: Richard Ferris
    This Bulletin provides information on the ecological value and management of rides, roadsides and edge habitats. Part One describes the ecology of edges and open areas. It looks at their value in both semi-natural and plantation woodland, and discusses the influences of light and microclimate, vegetation succession and wildlife. Part Two provides a guide to […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Agroforestry in the UK
    Lead Author: Max Hislop (Ed.)
    The main aim of this Bulletin is to provide practical advice about the establishment and management of a range of agroforestry practices derived from a decade of research in the United Kingdom (UK). In addition, the Bulletin describes the interactions of trees with crops and livestock, the environmental, social and economic impacts of these interactions […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Forest tree seedlings
    Lead Author: John L Morgan
    This Bulletin gives guidance about choosing plants for the establishment of different types of woodland in Britain. Recent research has identified the best practices for handling and planting trees to ensure high rates of survival and good growth following planting. Recommendations cover the range of activities from plant supply through to monitoring the success of […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] The potential for the natural regeneration of conifers in Britain
    Lead Author: Chris Nixon
    As Britain’s new conifer forests have matured there has been increasing interest in the use of natural regeneration for restocking after felling. While achieving successful natural regeneration can reduce costs and provide environmental benefits the uncertainties associated with its use can make it difficult for forest managers to decide when and where to rely on […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Cultivation of soils for forestry
    Lead Author: D. B. Paterson
    This Bulletin describes how foresters can use cultivation to provide a favourable site for tree survival and growth. A guiding principle is to work within the limitations of the site and to appreciate the effects of cultivation upon the microsite and the wider forest environment. The wide range of cultivation techniques now available means that […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Ecology and conservation of raptors in forests
    Lead Author: Steve J. Petty
    The main aim of this Bulletin is to inform forest managers about the ecology of birds of prey in these new conifer forests and to offer practical advice on management techniques that will improve their attractiveness for this important group of birds. While the information and advice given concentrates on and relates to man-made forests […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Water storage of timber: experience in Britain
    Lead Author: Joan Webber (Ed)
    From time to time a calamity such as forest fire or violent storm requires that timber is salvaged quickly. Where such timber is plantation grown the investment loss that major destruction brings is catastrophic unless the most valuable timber can be saved and then marketed in an orderly way. This Bulletin reports on a successful […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Analysis of the changes in forest condition in Britain 1989 to 1992
    Lead Author: Richard A. Mather
    A computer system was developed for mapping the Forestry Commission’s records of forest condition in Great Britain. This facility also conveniently allows forest condition records to be combined with meteorological and pollution data. The present Forestry Commission survey was evaluated to determine how well the design represented certain regional and local variations in environmental (including […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Forests and wind: management to minimise damage
    Lead Author: Chris Quine
    Wind damage is a serious threat to managed forests because it results in loss of timber yield, landscape quality and wildlife habitat. The most common form of wind damage in Britain is windthrow in which both stem and roots overturn. Prediction and prevention of wind damage have been important elements of forest management, and the […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Alternative silvicultural systems to clear cutting in Britain: a review
    Lead Author: Cyril Hart
    This Bulletin is written for landowners and foresters who wish to convert all or part of a wood or forest from pure, regular, uniform, even-aged stands to mixed, irregular, uneven-aged stands – in particular for those who desire to use silvicultural systems alternative to that of extensive clear cutting, with a view to achieving diverse […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Reclaiming disturbed land for forestry
    Lead Author: Andy Moffat
    This Bulletin has been written to give up-to-date practical advice to people involved in the reclamation of disturbed land who wish to plant trees on the restored site. The Bulletin provides a comprehensive guide both to mineral companies, in preparing planning applications which involve proposals for forestry, and to mineral planning authorities, in considering such […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    [Archive] Management of forests for capercaillie in Scotland
    Lead Author: Robert Moss
    The aim of this Bulletin is to summarise the best current information about the birds’ requirements and to provide guidelines for forest management which will benefit capercaillie. As far as possible, we base our recommendations on well-documented facts. Where hard data are not available, we make informed guesses based on anecdotal natural history and casual […]