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Archive Publications: Bulletin

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Publications

[Archive] Forest nursery practice (2ed)

Lead Author: J.R. Aldhous
This Bulletin, written by experts in their field, describes techniques involved in successful production of bare-rooted and cell- (small container-) grown stock of the tree species most widely planted in United Kingdom forestry. The subjects covered include: formation of new nurseries; maintenance of the fertility of existing nurseries; procurement of seed; production of seedlings and […]
Publications

[Archive] Creating new native woodlands

Lead Author: John Rodwell
This Bulletin combines expertise in woodland ecology and up-to-date silvicultural knowledge.
Publications

[Archive] The value of birch in upland forests for wildlife conservation

Lead Author: Gordon S. Patterson
Broadleaved trees and shrubs are frequently scarce in upland forests in Britain, and national policy is to increase the proportion of broadleaves because of their value as wildlife habitat. Birches (Betula pubescens Ehrh. and Betula pendula Roth.) are between them adapted to succeed on a wide range of soils and are the commonest native trees […]
Publications

[Archive] Forest fencing

Lead Author: H.W. Pepper
Fencing is a necessary but expensive forest management operation. While it is possible to erect a fence that is completely effective against any animal, this is usually too costly. Any forest fence is a compromise between expense and effectiveness. The introduction of spring steel wire by the Forestry Commission into the construction of forest fences […]
Publications

[Archive] Seed manual for forest trees

Lead Author: A.G. Gordon (Ed)
This Bulletin comprises a series of chapters covering all phases of seed usage of commercial forestry species from source selection, through collection, processing, storage and legislation, to seed sowing; each chapter is written by individual specialists in their field. The Bulletin is still available in hardcopy.
Publications

[Archive] Roe deer biology and management

Lead Author: P.R. Ratcliffe
Roe deer are distributed widely in Great Britain and are managed for a number of reasons including the reduction of impact on trees and vegetation and their exploitation as a game species. Population data, especially on survivorship, on which to base management plans, are difficult to obtain and have previously been unavailable. This Bulletin gives […]
Publications

[Archive] Woodland management for pheasants

Lead Author: P.A. Robertson
This Bulletin summarises the findings of a 3-year study sponsored by the Forestry Commission and carried out by the Game Conservancy. The study undertook to quantify habitat requirements of pheasants, to assess the benefits or disadvantages to pheasants of different forms of woodland management and to investigate the effects of managing woods for pheasants on […]
Publications

[Archive] Monitoring vegetation changes in conservation management of forests

Lead Author: R. Ferris-Kaan
Monitoring should be an integral part of conservation management in forests. It provides managers with information on the status and trend of species or habitats, and indicates whether specific goals have been achieved. Vegetation assessments can be used to monitor habitat quality as well as plant and species composition. Plants can be more easily monitored […]
Publications

[Archive] Super sitka for the 90’s

Lead Author: D.A. Rook
This Bulletin presents the information from a meeting in 1990 which was focused on Sitka spruce in Britain. The keynote speaker discussed the use of cuttings in spruce plantations throughout the world. A series of speakers then dealt with the following aspects, all of which are provided in this Bulletin: breeding strategy and levels of […]
Publications

[Archive] A manual of good practice for the use of sewage sludge in forestry

Lead Author: R. Wolstenholme
Sewage sludge, a mixture of solids and water produced during the treatment of waste water, can be used as a valuable fertiliser and is currently widely used as such in agriculture. Since 1981 a joint Forestry Commission/WRc research programme has evaluated the growth responses and environmental implications of sewage sludge applications to forests (Bayes et […]
Publications

[Archive] Valuing informal recreation on the Forestry Commission Estate

Lead Author: J.F. Benson
The Bulletin estimates the consumer surplus (or net monetary benefit) from informal recreation on the Forestry Commission estate. The Forestry Commission’s estate of more than 1 million hectares is managed for mutiple-use and multiple benefits. Calculations of the costs and benefits of timber production are made in financial terms using discounted cash flow models. Most […]
Publications

[Archive] De-icing salt damage to trees and shrubs

Lead Author: M.C. Dobson
The damage caused by de-icing salt is a serious, but often underestimated, problem which affects substantial numbers of roadside trees and shrubs both in Britain and abroad. This Bulletin has resulted from an extensive review of the world literature on the subject; the findings fall into four distinct categories which comprise its four chapters. Chapter […]
Publications

[Archive] Research for practical arboriculture

Lead Author: S.J. Hodge (Ed)
This Bulletin records the proceedings of a seminar held at York University in April 1990, organised jointly by the Arboricultural Association and the Forestry Commission. The seminar was the third of its kind, held every 5 years, since 1980, updating the arboriculture industry on current arboriculture research in the United Kingdom. Twenty-six papers are presented […]
Publications

[Archive] Ash dieback – a survey of non-woodland trees

Lead Author: S.K. Hull
During the summer of 1987 a survey of dieback in non-woodland ash trees was undertaken in Great Britain. After excluding certain areas due to their known low ash population, two hundred 10 km squares were visited and detailed data collected on the condition of ash in a plot selected within each square. Information was obtained […]
Publications

[Archive] Monitoring of forest condition in Britain – 1990

Lead Author: J.L. Innes
The results of the 1990 forest condition monitoring programme are presented. A total of 7644 trees were assessed in the main Forestry Commission monitoring programme in 1990. Five species were examined: Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis), Norway spruce (P. abies), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), oak (Quercus spp.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica), distributed over 319 sites. This […]
Publications

[Archive] Honey fungus

Lead Author: B.J.W.Greig
Honey fungus is one of the commonest root diseases of trees and shrubs in the world. It can kill an enormous range of plants and also causes decay in standing trees. It is rarely a major problem in woodland although it sometimes kills large groups of conifers in young plantations. The disease is more serious […]
Publications

[Archive] Urban trees – A survey of street trees in Britain

Lead Author: S.J. Hodge
Little information is available on the growth rates of urban trees. Trees that survive the establishment phase often put on so little growth that they appear moribund. Conversely, problems occur when a fast growing or large species is successfully established and ‘outgrows’ its living space. There is a need to build up a database of […]
Publications

[Archive] Forest fertilisation in Britain

Lead Author: C.M.A. Taylor
In Britain the use of fertilisers has greatly increased the productivity of forests growing on nutrient-poor soils. In fact, many sites could not otherwise have been successfully afforested. From the early pioneering work of Stirling-Maxwell to the present day, the Forestry Commission has continually tested rates and types of fertiliser and methods of application. A […]

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