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  • Research

    The potential for agroforestry to reduce net GHG emissions in Scotland through the Woodland Carbon Code

     This research examines the potential of agroforestry to contribute to meeting greenhouse gas emissions reductions targets outlined in Scotland’s Climate Change Plan, and the economic viability of adopting agroforestry practices. It finds agroforestry has potential to sequester carbon and is generally financially viable, but benefits vary according to different factors.
  • Research

    Valuing Non-Woodland Trees

     Forest Research and Defra have made the first estimate of the monetary value of non-woodland trees in the UK. This work helps us to understand the overall value of our treescape, in which non-woodland trees play a critical role. Non-woodland trees are: single trees in urban and rural places, groups of trees covering less...
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    Valuing the mental health benefits of woodlands
    Lead Author: Vadim Saraev
    This study is the first attempt to provide national estimates of the natural capital value of the mental health benefits provided by UK woodlands.
  • Research

    Valuing the Mental Health Benefits of Forestry – Phase 2

     This research presents an estimate of the mental health benefits associated with the UK’s woodlands, using an approach valuing woodland through reduced prevalence of mental illnesses. Indicative estimates are derived for potential inclusion of mental health benefits in UK natural capital accounts and for use in project and policy appraisal.
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    Carbon storage and substitution benefits of harvested wood products

     This Research Note considers the potential of extending coverage of the UK Woodland Carbon Code to the carbon benefits of wood products associated with woodland creation projects.
  • Research

    Valuing mental health benefits of forests

     This research examines approaches to valuation of the mental health benefits of forests and proposes how monetary valuation of these benefits can be developed further. It examines metrics to quantify mental health impacts, methodologies to value changes in these and potential for incorporating associated values into natural capital accounting
  • Publications

    How does a biodiversity value impact upon optimal rotation length? An investigation using species richness and forest stand age
    Lead Author: Vadim Saraev
    A study integrating biodiversity data for British forests with economic modelling of optimal rotation length. Investigation revealed some evidence of relationships between overall species richness and stand age.
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    Valuing flood regulation services of existing forest cover to inform natural capital accounts

     Background Forests are recognised to reduce flood flows, although the issue is complex and continues to be explored. While the processes of how trees affect the generation and conveyance of flood waters are understood, there remains a lack of monitoring data to quantify effects at the catchment scale (click here to visit the WWNP evidence base webpage). […]
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    Comparing the cost-effectiveness of forestry options for climate change mitigation

     This Research Note examines two recent studies which assessed the cost-effectiveness of forestry options for climate change mitigation across Great Britain.
  • Research

    Economics of risk and tipping points: approaches to valuing forest resilience

     A review of economic approaches to risk and uncertainty, tipping points and resilience in forestry. A conceptual framework for the resilience valuation and its interaction with risk is proposed
  • Research

    Valuation of Welsh Forest Resources

     This study estimates using a natural capital accounting approach the value of five ecosystem goods and services provided by woodlands in Wales: standing timber, timber extraction, carbon sequestration, recreation and air quality improvement.
  • Research

    Developing multi-stand / CCF version of optimal rotation length prototype model

     Explores optimal management in a multi-stand / Continuous Cover Forestry (CCF) setting and various ecosystem services and benefits provided by complex forests.
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    Timber, carbon and wind risk: towards an integrated model of optimal rotation length
    Lead Author: Vadim Saraev
    Modern forest management practice increasingly adopts an ecosystem services approach to account for the multiple benefits and objectives of forestry. It is also increasingly linked to climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies. In view of the priority given to these policy agendas, it is important that new models take an integrated approach to accounting for […]
  • Research

    Harvested Wood Products and Carbon Substitution

     This study reviews approaches to accounting for carbon storage and carbon substitution benefits of harvested wood products under existing carbon market standards, and considers how the UK Woodland Carbon Code - which at present covers climate change mitigation benefits of afforestation in terms of carbon sequestration, might be extended.
  • Research

    Payments for Ecosystem Services (Forest for water)

     The aim of the PESFOR-W COST Action is to synthesize knowledge, provide guidance and encourage collaborative research to improve Europe’s capacity to use Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES)
  • Research

    Biodiversity and rotation length

     Investigate how to incorporate biodiversity into an optimal rotation length model through literature review and data re-analysis of biodiversity links with stand age.
  • Research

    Integrated optimal rotation length modelling

     Optimal rotation length model, which accounts for timber production and climate change mitigation (in terms of carbon benefits) and adaptation (in terms of windthrow risks), is developed.
  • Publications
    Forestry publication document

    Behavioural policy ‘nudges’ to encourage woodland creation for climate change mitigation
    Lead Author: Darren Moseley
    Evidence indicates that woodland creation is generally a cost-effective method of climate change mitigation, when compared with a range of alternatives. However, engaging landowners and land managers in woodland creation schemes can sometimes prove difficult, and this affects prospects for meeting national woodland planting targets and associated climate change mitigation objectives. Although reluctance to plant […]